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Most options trading — retail and professional — runs through these five. Learn them first; everything below is a variation.
The most-used options strategy in the world — income on shares you already own.
Get paid to wait for a stock you want at a price you chose.
The simplest bullish bet — small cost, defined risk, open-ended upside.
The simplest bearish bet, and the standard hedge for shares you hold.
The workhorse spread — direction with risk AND reward defined. Bearish twin: the Bear Put Spread.
Bullish — pay debit, unlimited upside, max loss = premium paid.
Bearish — pay debit, downside profit, max loss = premium paid.
Also called: Uncovered Call · Short Call
Bearish — collect premium. UNLIMITED LOSS unless covered.
Also called: Short Put · Naked Put (without the cash set aside) · CSP
Bullish — collect premium. Max loss = strike − credit if assigned.
Also called: Call Debit Spread · Vertical Call Spread · Long Call Spread
Buy lower-strike call + sell higher-strike call. Defined risk; bull call debit spread.
Also called: Put Debit Spread · Vertical Put Spread · Long Put Spread
Buy higher-strike put + sell lower-strike put. Defined risk; bear put debit spread.
Also called: Put Credit Spread · Short Put Spread · Bull Put Vertical · Put Spread (credit)
Sell a put + buy a lower-strike put. Collect a credit; defined risk; profits if the stock holds above the short strike.
Also called: Call Credit Spread · Short Call Spread · Bear Call Vertical
Sell a call + buy a higher-strike call. Collect a credit; defined risk; profits if the stock stays below the short strike.
Also called: Horizontal Call Spread · Time Spread
Sell near-dated call + buy farther-dated call at the SAME strike.
Also called: Horizontal Put Spread · Time Spread
Sell near-dated put + buy farther-dated put at the SAME strike.
Sell near-dated call + buy farther-dated call at a DIFFERENT strike.
Sell near-dated put + buy farther-dated put at a DIFFERENT strike.
Buy 1 long call + sell 2 short calls higher. Credit; tail risk above the shorts.
Buy 1 long put + sell 2 short puts lower. Credit; tail risk below the shorts.
Also called: Synthetic Stock
Buy ATM call + sell ATM put. Replicates long stock with options.
Also called: Synthetic Short Stock
Sell ATM call + buy ATM put. Replicates short stock with options.
Also called: Risk Reversal · Bullish Split-Strike Combo
Buy OTM call + sell OTM put. Bullish for little or no upfront cost.
Also called: Bearish Risk Reversal
Sell OTM call + buy OTM put. Bearish for little or no upfront cost.
Also called: Long Call Butterfly · Call Fly
Buy 1 lower call + sell 2 ATM calls + buy 1 higher call. Max profit at the body strike.
Also called: Long Put Butterfly · Put Fly
Buy 1 higher put + sell 2 ATM puts + buy 1 lower put. Max profit at the body strike.
Also called: Skip-Strike Butterfly (calls)
Butterfly with an asymmetric lower wing (2w below, w above): risks only a small debit below, and CANNOT lose above the top strike. Max profit at the body.
Also called: Skip-Strike Butterfly (puts)
Bearish mirror: asymmetric upper wing (2w above, w below) — risks only a small debit above, and CANNOT lose below the bottom strike.
Also called: Call Ratio Backspread
Sell 1 call + buy 2 higher calls. Wins big on a rally; small credit if it fades.
Also called: Put Ratio Backspread
Sell 1 put + buy 2 lower puts. Wins big on a crash; small credit if it holds.
Sell OTM put + sell call spread. No upside risk when credit > call-spread width.
Sell put spread + sell naked call. Mirror lizard: no downside risk if credit > put-spread width.
Bull call spread + one more short call higher. Cheaper entry; risk above the top strike.
Short call spread + one more long call higher. Profits on a big rally or a fade.
Short put spread + one more long put lower. Profits on a big drop or a hold.
Bear put spread + one more short put lower. Cheaper entry; risk below the bottom strike.
Also called: Long Call Condor
All-call condor: buy lower, sell middle two, buy upper. Wider profit zone than a butterfly.
Also called: Long Put Condor
All-put condor: buy upper, sell middle two, buy lower. Wider profit zone than a butterfly.
Also called: IC · Short Iron Condor
Sell put + buy lower put + sell call + buy higher call. Profit if price stays between shorts.
Also called: Iron Fly
Sell ATM put & call + buy wings. Max profit at the body strike.
Also called: Long Iron Condor
Buy the inner strangle, sell the outer wings. Defined-risk bet ON a big move.
Also called: Long Iron Butterfly
Buy the ATM straddle, sell the wings. Defined-risk big-move bet, cheaper than a straddle.
Sell near-dated strangle + buy farther-dated wider strangle. Income with defined wings.
Also called: Buy-Write · Covered Stock
Buy 100 shares + sell call. Shares cap upside, premium cushions downside.
Also called: Sell-Write
Short 100 shares + sell put. Mirror of covered call for bearish setups.
Also called: Married Call
Short shares + buy call as upside hedge. Caps loss if the stock rallies.
Also called: Married Put
Long shares + buy put as downside hedge. Caps loss if the stock falls.
Also called: Long Straddle
Long ATM call + long ATM put. Profits from a big move either way.
Also called: Long Strangle
Long OTM call + long OTM put. Cheaper than a straddle, needs a bigger move.
Sell ATM call + sell ATM put. Max premium collected; UNLIMITED risk both ways.
Sell OTM call + sell OTM put. Wider profit zone than a short straddle; UNLIMITED risk.
Also called: In-the-Money Strangle
Buy ITM call + buy ITM put. Straddle cousin built from in-the-money legs.
Sell ITM call + sell ITM put. Premium-rich short-vol structure; UNLIMITED risk.
Buy 1 ATM call + 2 ATM puts. Big-move play weighted toward the downside.
Buy 2 ATM calls + 1 ATM put. Big-move play weighted toward the upside.
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